Leaves and cones (female catkins) on the branch of an alder tree (Alnus)

Leaves and cones of the alder tree (Alnus)


With few exceptions, alders are deciduous (not evergreen), and their leaves are alternate, simple and serrated. The flowers are catkins with elongate male (not seen on this picture) on the same plant as shorter female catkins (cones).

Lacecap (Hydrangea aspera) cultivar 'Tokyo Delight - hydrangeashydrangeas.com

Gold Yarrow (Achillea filipendulina) - Goldgarbe, gelbe Schafsgarbe

The genus Achillea - the common name yarrow is normally applied Achillea millefolium with white flowers, but may also be used for other species within the genus - has a long history as a powerful healing herb used topically for wounds, cuts and abrasions. The plant family is named for the Greek mythological character Achilles who reportedly carried it with his army to treat battle wounds. Navajo Indians considered it to be a 'life-medicine', chewed it for toothaches, and poured an infusion into ears for earaches.  Several cavity-nesting birds use yarrow to line their nests because adding yarrow to nests inhibits the growth of parasites. Yarrow is considered as an especially useful companion plant, not only repelling some bad insects while attracting good, but also improving soil quality. It is considered directly beneficial to other plants, improving the health of sick plants when grown near them.

Yarrow has also been used as food, and was very popular as a vegetable in the seventeenth century. The younger leaves are said to be a pleasant leaf vegetable when cooked as spinach, or in a soup. Yarrow is sweet with slight bitter taste. The leaves can also be dried and used as a herb in cooking.

Even the Neandertal people medicated themselves by eating yarrow, as has been found out these days.

 Common Foxglove (Digitalis purpurea)

The scientific name digitalis means 'finger-like' and refers to the ease with which a flower of the foxglove can be fitted over a human fingertip. The flowers vary with species from purple to pink, white and yellow, but the common foxglove is the best-known digitalis. The entire plant including the roots and seeds is toxic and this resulted in sinister names for the plant like Dead Man's Bells or Witches' Gloves. The extract of digitalis is used to treat heart conditions in the medicine.

Leaves and acorn of the Pin Oak tree (Quercus palustris)

Hazelnut (Corylus) shrub with fruits

Hazelnuts are rich in protein and unsaturated fat and they contain significant amounts of thiamine (vitamin B1) and vitamin B6, as well as smaller amounts of vitamin E and other B vitamins.